Valve mechanism for explosive-engines.



'1.'. L. MOORE. VALVE MEGHANISM FOR 'EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

, APPLICATION FILED FEB.25, 1909.

Patented Dec`.20, 1910.

. To all 'whom it may concern:

UNITED s'rAtrEs imrintrr onirica.

.THOMAS L. MOORE, F CINCINNAT, OHIO.

VALvE-MEGHANISM FOR -EXPLOSIVE-ENGIES.

. Be it k'nwn that ,IqTHoMAs L. MOORE, a

citizen ofthe United States, anda resident of Cincinnati; Hamilton county, State f Y Ohio, have invented a certain new and use ful Valve Mechanism for i Explosive-Engines; and I do declare the followingto be a clear, full, and exact description thereof,

attention beingcalled to the accompanying drawing, with the reference characters marked thereon, which forms also a part of this specification. v

This invention relates to improvements in the construction ofthe valve-mechanism for explosive engines, meaning thereby the devices which control the admission o f the. explosive agent tothe engine cylinder and the exhaust, therefrom of this agent after it has spent its force.

In the followlng spec1fcation and particularly pointed `out in the claims at the end thereof, will be found a full description of my invention, together with lits operation,v

' part-s and construction, whieh latter is also illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1, shows a Vertical central crossi" section of the parts involved, including also portions of the adjacent engine cyllnder, the valves being shown vin a position during the suction stroke and when they are open to permit the explosive agent to enter. Fig. 2, in a similar view shows the valves in a4 normal position, that is seated, this being also the position they occupy during the 4compression and power strokes. Fig. 3,1 in

another similar view shows position of the vvalves during the exhaust stroke of the piston, meaning thereby the strokeby which the spent gases are eX elled. Fig. 4, 1s a horizontal section'o'n ine 4;-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5, is a similar section on line 5-5 of Fig. 2, note this line also=in Fig. 3.` Fig. 6,

is a perspective view 'of certain parts pro-A jecting above the upper part of the valvehousing.

In the isshown of the cylinder of an. explosive engine. A piston is fitted to it and connected by means of the usual intermediate machine-elements to a` shaft, valso ialled drive, or power-shaft, because it constitutes thepmedium v,delivers `'the power developed by. the engine andpe'rmits it to be applied in a practical manner. These parts are not directly'oncerne'd my invention drawing, A indicates that much as`- The agent used for moving the piston is gas or a vapor, usually mixed with air and will hereafter be-referred to as the charge. A proper quantity of it is drawn into the cylinder by the outgoing piston, which movement is called the suction-stroke.

movement iscalled the compression-stroke. At the end of this stroke ignition of the charge takes place, after which the piston is forcibly driven out by the concurrently ensuing explosion, which movement constitutes the Working or power-stroke. Returning again, the piston clears the cylinder ofthe spent-gases, which movement constitutes the exhaust-stroke. Thereafter this cycle of movements is continually repeated as long as the engine is in operation. y'The charge, as well as the spent gases pass through a.' port a, one in one direction, and the other and being well understood,.are not shown.I

y Patented D'eaeo, 1910.

Application led February 25,1909. Serial No. 480,024. ,y

n i Re'turnlng, the piston compresses this charge which i opposite thereto. This passage is controlled 4 by a valve B fitted to a seat b formed within ythe, passage by which the valve-chamber communicates with cylinder A. v The valvechamber consists of two parts-C and D, each arranged to be suitably connected to communicate, as forninstance by pipes vto be attached to nipples c and d, the one with the ,charge-sup ly and the other with the open air. parts as the charge-chamber G and the exhaust chamber D. These two parts are separated from each other by a partition 6 and by a compound valve E4 which isarranged to operate in a manner that it always prevents communication between the two cham- I. re er hereafter to these chambervber parts, but permits either one of them to communicate with the cylinder. AIn the normal condition shown in Fig. 2, each ofrthe 1 two chamber parts isv kept separated from the pther as well as from the cylinder. As

shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the vsame relation as to the chamber-parts is still maintained',

that is they are closed against each ,otherbut. inthe first case, chamber C is in open communication with the cylinder, permit-I ting the same to receive the explosive charge. In the other case the exhaust-space .is open 'to the cylinder, permitting escape therefrom of the spent gases.` "Valve Bis-open'during V- the suction-stroke as well .as durin the` exhaust-stroke asshown in Figsfl. an 3, t@ i permit passagein either direction through the opening bywhich the valve-chamber' .communicateswith cylinderfA. .'Itis closed:

during the compression as well as during the working-stroke, as shown in Fig. 2. Valve E is open`only during the suction stroke as shown in Fig. 1, to permit communication between the charge-chamber'and the cylinder. At the same time its function to prevent communication between the charge-chamber and the exhaust chamber is however never interfered with. For such purpose valve E consists of two parts, which comprise the valve-proper and an annular member e to which this valve is fitted. lThese two parts are arranged sothat they may move together as well as one independent ofthe other. As shown in Figs. 2 and 43, these two parts functionate as one, to close the charge-chamber against the exhaust chamberV and its open outlet. As shown in Fig. 3, they still remain in that position, closing also the charge-chamber C against cylinder A which has been rendered open at this time by the independent movement of valve B to permit it to exhaust. Their position changes however during the suction-stroke as shown in Fig. 1, when these arts move inwardly toward cylinder A. VVhile so moving part e accompanies valve E only during'the rst part of the movement and until it hasv reached the edge V-around the openingin' the lower part ofthe valve-chamber beyond which, being larger, it cannot pass. In this position it carries out the intended function of valve E which is to prevent communication between the two chamber-parts C and D. Valve E proceeds in its movement, openin as soon as it leaves part e, the charge-cham er to the `cyl inder. When the parts return to their closing positions, part e does not at once share in this movement, butretains its position in which it closes chamber C and cylinder A' against the open exhaust. Nor does it move until chamber C has been closed again and valve B has approached its seat to close the cylinder. To hold tlievalves to move so in proper direction, suitable iding means are providedfor them. Mem r e is guided by the opening in partition 6, to which it is fitted. It 1s also provided with a sleeve 7 which is fitted around another sleeve 8, arms 9 connecting said member to its sleeve in a manner preventing interference with the free passage of the charge whenever such takes lace. Valve E is carried on the lower end o this sleeve 8 which is guided, below by sleeve 7, and above by neck 10, which forms part of a cap 11 whereby the valvechamber .is closed. Valve B is carried at the lower end of a valve-stem 12, which is tted into sleeve 8 and guided by it. The parts are normally held to their positions by springpressure.

A spring 13, resting upon thel upper end 'of neck 10 and bearing against a shoulder 14 n stem 12 serves to hold valve Eto its servingseat. A seat 15 is preferably provided for this spring for which the upper end of neck 10 serves yas a support. Another spring 16 seated upon cap 11, and bearing against a shoulder 17 on sleeve8, holds the compound valve in its normal position. A stop 18 on this sleeve, by its contact with the underside of cap 11, denes this position. Another spring 19, holds member e separably to valve E, said spring being seated against a shoulder which is immovable with respect to member e. Stop 18 vmay serve for this pur ose.

T e valves are moved, independent from Veach other'each at the proper time and in the proper manner, by suitable machineelements, actuated by means operated from the main shaft. Suitably shaped 4cams are usually provided for this purpose, acting upon the valves by rods, levers, rocker-arms, orother equivalent means in the customary manner well understood in this art. 21 may indicate the end of such a cam-actuated member, or arm which serves to operate valve B, by acting upon the end of its stem may indicate a similar member serving to move valve E by acting against sleeve 8 which carries said valve. The fact that member 22 is outside of neck 10, while sleeve 8 upon which itis to act, is inside of the same, requires a certain construction to permit operative connection between the two. Shoulder 17 which serves to receive the action of spring 16, is also used to receive the action in opposite direction of member 22. lFor such purpose it projects sufficiently to permit 'engagement with member 22, its, connection to sleeve 8 being made possible by slots 23l in said neck through which it also extends-as best shown inF 1g. 6. The connection may able way.

, A condensed rsum as follows: Beginning with the exhauststroke, cam-actuated member 21 acts upon valve-stem 12 and opens valve B as show'n in Fig. 3. This valve remains also o en during the suction-stroke following, w en compound valve E moves also into open position by action of cam-actuated member 22 upon sleeve 8. During the iirst part of this movement, member e and valve E move as one until the former is prevented from proceeding farther by reason of its contact with the lower part of the valve-chamber. This does ,'not prevent however the further independent movement of valve E, since the connection between the two is not a-rigid one and subject merely to the action of spring 19. This last part of the movement opens communication between charge-chamber C and cylinder A, part e holding these parts closed against the exhaust outlet, all as illustrated in Fie* 1.`

cylinder A Thereafter valve B closes or the compression stroke, and

the open exhaust.

thepower-stroke following it, valve E movsition of the valves during this as wellas during the power-stroke.

The construction considered with regard to wear is quite simple since only o ne valveseat has to be considered for close fitting. The

engagement between valve E and memberv e is no valve-seat, nor is avalve-seat-it required-for member e, since there is no pres-l sure on either side of these parts. The comparatively slow movement of valve B which Yhas one half of the cycle to make its movement is another circumstance in favbr of simplified construction and reduced wear. Another advantage is that both valves are exposed-to the cooling eliects of thecharge while' passing over themwhen entering t-he cylinder so that excesslve heating 1s pre-` vented. At Vthe same time the heat so absorbed by the charge, puts the same in a most favorable condition for subsequent ignition.

Having described my invention, I claim as new:

1. In valve-mechanism for explosive en gines, the combination of a cylinder, a

- valve-housing subdivided to form a chargespace open to the charge-'supply and an exhaust-space open to the outside, ya port whereby this valve-housing communicates with th-e cylinder, a valve controlling passage through this portl and provided with a stem, an additional valve within the valvehousing provided with a sleeve fitted to the stem mentioned, a neck being laterally slotted projectingoutwardly from the valvehousing into which both sleeve and stem extend to ybe guided, the stem extending beyond the neck, a spring seated upon the upper end of the neck and adapted to engage the stem to hold the valve thereon to a normal the sleeve and the stem in opposition to thel action of the springs, to open the valves and means interposed between the lever for actuatin the sleeve and this latter and extendy ing n.1 ough the slots in the neck mentioned.

Fig. 2 illustrates the po- 2. In valve-mechanism for vexplosive engines, the combination of a cylinder provided with a port, a subdivided valve-chamber having a charge space open to the chargevsupply and an exhaust-space open to the atmosphere, both spaces being adapted .to communicate with the cylinder through the port mentioned, a valve which controls pas-.` sage'through this port and is-provided with a stem, a compound valve which consists of two parts, one of which has a. hollow stem which-is fitted upon the stem'of the valve irst mentioned, and serves to control communication betweenthe cylinder andthe charge space of the valve-chamber, the other part having a Js leeve whereby` it is seated upon the hollo'av stem of the valve last mentioned with a spring-yielding fit and serves to close against the exhaust-space while cylinder andchar'ge space are in communication, means acting upon the stem of the valve first mentioned to actuate this valve and means acting upon the hollow stem of the compound valve to actuate the same independent of the vother valve andina manner that both its parts are caused to coact to close the charge-space against the exhaust-space and that one part is caused to,

control communication between this space and the cylinder. Y

3. In valve-mechanism for explosive engines, the combination of a cylinder provided with a port, a subdivided valve-chamber having a charge-space open to the charge-supply and an exhaust-space open to the atmosphere, both spaces being adapted to communicate with the cylinder through the port mentioned, a valve'which controls passage through this port, a com ound valve which consists of two parts, o which one part controls communication between the cylinder and the charge-space of the valvechamber, while the other serves to close both cylinder and charge-space against the exhaust-space while they are in communication, means for each of these valves to guide them and a device to actuate each valve, one valve independent of the other, operating means for the valve first mentioned andI additiona-l operating means for the two parts of the ycompound valve whereby each valve is caused to perform its particular function entirely independent of the other valve.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS L. MOORE. Witnesses:

v C. SrnNcnL,

T. LE BEAU. 

